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1 social regime
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2 régime
mрежим, порядокsous l'ancien régime — при прежнем [ранее действовавшем] законодательстве
régime capitulaire, régime des capitulations — режим капитуляции, капитуляционный режим
régime communautaire, régime de communauté — режим общности имущества супругов
régime de communauté de meubles et acquêts — режим общности движимого имущества супругов и любого имущества, приобретённого возмездно в период действия режима
régime de l'évaluation administrative — административный способ взимания налогов ( размер налогов определяется налоговыми властями)
régime de l'exportation en simple sortie — таможенный режим товаров, окончательно экспортируемых с национальной территории
régime international de la contrainte armée — международно-правовая регламентация вооружённых конфликтов
régime de la nation la plus favorisée — режим наибольшего благоприятствования, режим наиболее благоприятствуемой нации
- régime de l'admission temporairerégime de préférences, régime préférentiel — режим преференций, преференциальный режим
- régime agricole
- régime d'assurance
- régime d'assurance maladie
- régime auburnien
- régime autoritaire
- régime de captivité
- régime cellulaire
- régime censitaire
- régime du commerce extérieur
- régime commercial préférentiel
- régime de communauté universelle
- régime complémentaire de retraite
- régime du compte ouvert
- régime de confiance
- régime des confins
- régime constitutionnel
- régime du contrat d'association
- régime du contrat simple
- régime de contrats et de créances
- régime conventionnel
- régime de la déclaration
- régime de la déclaration contrôlée
- régime démocratique
- régime de détention
- régime des détroits
- régime discriminatoire
- régime de domanialité
- régime dotal
- régime douanier
- régime douanier à finalité économique
- régime du drawback
- régime de droit
- régime de droit commun
- régime des eaux territoriales
- régime des échanges standard
- régime économique de dédouanement
- régime électoral
- régime des équivalences
- régime étatique
- régime des étrangers
- régime de l'exportation préalable
- régime de fait
- régime de faveur
- régime fiscal
- régime fiscal des apporteurs
- régime fluival international
- régime forfaitaire d'imposition
- régime frontalier
- régime de frontière
- régime général
- régime de haute mer
- régime hypothécaire
- régime d'illégalité
- régime d'imposition
- régime de l'intégration
- régime international
- régime international de tutelle
- régime d'internationalisation
- régime juridique
- régime juridique du contrat
- régime juridique particulier
- régime légal
- régime de libre circulation
- régime de libre échange
- régime des mandats
- régime matrimonial
- régime de la mise à la consommation
- régime de la mise à l'épreuve
- régime national
- régime parlementaire
- régime parlementaire dualiste
- régime parlementaire moniste
- régime du pavillon
- régime pénitentiaire
- régime pensilvanien
- régime de perfectionnement actif
- régime de perfectionnement passif
- régime politique
- régime présidentiel
- régime des preuves
- régime préventif
- régime de prévoyance
- régime primaire impératif
- régime privilégié
- régime progressif
- régime de la quarantaine
- régime réel d'imposition
- régime réglementaire
- régime représentatif
- régime répressif
- régime de retraite
- régime du séjour
- régime de la semi-liberté
- régime de séparation
- régime séparatiste
- régime simplifié d'imposition
- régime social
- régime spécial
- régime suspensif
- régime de taux de change
- régime territorial
- régime des traités
- régime de transit
- régime de transit communautaire
- régime de transit de droit commun
- régime de vieillesse -
3 regime
n1) режим, строй; система•to cancel regime — ликвидировать режим / строй
to eliminate a regime — ликвидировать режим / строй
to establish regime — устанавливать режим / порядок
to impose a regime (on smb) — навязывать режим (кому-л.)
- anti-democratic regimeto set up a regime — устанавливать режим / порядок
- anti-national regime
- anti-popular regime
- authoritarian regime
- boundary regime
- brutal regime
- capitulations regime
- civilian regime
- colonial regime
- condemnation of the regime
- corrupt regime
- criminal regime
- crumbling regime
- decayed regime
- decomposing regime
- defunct regime
- demise of a regime
- democratic regime
- deposed regime
- despotic regime
- detested regime
- dictatorial regime
- dismantling of a regime
- downfall of a regime
- dying regime
- dynastic regime
- existing regime
- fall of a regime
- fascist regime
- fascist-type regime
- frontier regime
- gendarme regime
- genocidal regime
- hated regime
- illegitimate regime
- implacable regime
- installation of a regime
- international legal regime
- international regime of seaports
- legal regime
- mercenary regime
- military regime
- military-police regime
- minority regime
- monarchical regime
- monarchist regime
- national-democratic regime
- navigation regime
- nonexistent regime
- nonproliferation regime
- obsolete political regimes
- occupation regime
- oppressive regime
- passport regime
- patriotic regime
- people's democratic regime
- police regime
- preferential regime
- present regime
- presidential regime
- progressive regime
- protectorate regime
- pro-Western regime
- puppet regime
- reactionary regime
- regime of the high seas
- regime of the open sea
- regime of the territorial waters
- removal of the discriminatory regime
- safeguards regime
- secular regime
- social regime
- socialist regime
- stringent verification regime
- terrorist regime
- totalitarian regime
- treaty regime
- tsarist regime
- US-equipped and financed regimes
- verification regime
- violent overthrow of the regime
- white-minority regime -
4 régime
m1. (forme de gouvernement) госуда́рственный строй; режи́м;le régime établi — установи́вшийся режи́м; un régime parlementaire (constitutionnel) — парла́ментский (конституцио́нный) режи́м <строй, о́браз правле́ния>; un régime totalitaire (policier) — тотали́тарный (полице́йский) режи́м; en régime socialiste — при социали́стическом стро́е; l'ancien Régime — ста́рый режи́м, дореволюцио́нная мона́рхия; un changement de régime — сме́на [госуда́рственного] стро́я; ● un régime à poigne — режи́м си́льной вла́сти; le régime du bon plaisir ↑— ца́рство произво́лаle régime de la France — госуда́рственный строй Фра́нции;
2. (mode d'organisation) укла́д; систе́ма, поря́док, режи́м, распоря́док;le régime électoral — избира́тельная систе́ма; le régime fiscal — нало́говый режи́м; le régime des prisons — тюре́мный режи́м; le régime matrimonial — режи́м иму́щества ме́жду супру́гами; sous le régime de la communauté — на права́х о́бщего владе́ния иму́ществом [в бра́ке]; le régime de la séparation de biens — режи́м разде́льного иму́щества супру́гов, разде́льное владе́ние иму́ществом [в бра́ке]; un régime de faveur — осо́бые права́le régime social — обще́ственный укла́д;
3. méd. режи́м; дие́та (nourriture seult.);être au régime — быть на дие́те; (se) mettre au régime (— сади́ться/сесть) сажа́ть/посади́ть на дие́ту; un régime lacté (carné, végétarien, sec) — моло́чная (мясна́я, вегетариа́нская, безалкого́льная) дие́та; un régime pour maigrir (jockey) — дие́та для похуде́ния (голода́ние, голо́дная дие́та); à ce régime il ne tiendra pas longtemps — при тако́м режи́ме <при таки́х усло́виях> он до́лго не протя́нетprescrire un régime sévère à un malade — предпи́сывать/предписа́ть больно́му стро́гий режи́м;
un régime de croisière — рабо́чий <норма́льный> режи́м; tourner à plein régime — рабо́тать ipf. на по́лных оборо́тах ║ géogr. le régime d'un fleuve — режи́м реки́; le régime des pluies (des vents) — режи́м дожде́й (петро́в)le régime d'un moteur — режи́м рабо́ты дви́гателя;
5. bot:un régime de bananes (de dattes) — гроздь бана́нов (фи́ников)
6. gram. дополне́ние;le cas régime — прямо́й паде́жle régime direct (indirect) — прямо́е (ко́свенное) дополне́ние;
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5 regime
n фр.режим, строй -
6 social
-E adj.1. (qui concerne la société) обще́ственный;les faits sociaux — социа́льные фа́кты; обще́ственные явле́ния; «le Contrat social» de Rousseau «— Обще́ственный догово́р» Руссо́; les sciences socies — обще́ственные <социа́льные> нау́ки; le milieu social — социа́льная среда́; situation (origines) socie(s) — социа́льное положе́ние (происхожде́ние); les relations socies — обще́ственные <социа́льные> отноше́ния; le régime (la propriété) social(e) — обще́ственн|ый строй (-ая со́бственность); l'instinct social — социа́льный <обще́ственный> инсти́нкт; des animaux sociaux — ста́дные живо́тные; le roman social — социа́льный рома́н; d'utilité socie — обще́ственно-поле́зныйla vie socie — обще́ственная жизнь;
2. ( qui concerne les rapports des classes) социа́льный; кла́ссовый;les inégalités socies — социа́льное <кла́ссовое> нера́венство; les conflits sociaux — социа́льные <кла́ссовые> конфли́кты; le climat social — социа́льная обстано́вкаles classes socies — обще́ственные <социа́льные> кла́ссы;
3. (qui concerne la vie des travailleurs) социа́льный;la législation socie — социа́льное законода́тельство; le progrès (les réformes) social(es) — социа́льный прогре́сс (-ые рефо́рмы); les charges socies — расхо́ды на социа́льные ну́жды; l'aide socie RF — социа́льная по́мощь; la sécurité socie — социа́льное обеспече́ниеune politique (la question) socie — социа́льная поли́тика (-ый вопро́с);
4. (qui concerne une association) фи́рменный, относя́щийся к комме́рческому о́бществу;la raison socie — фи́рма, юриди́ческое назва́ние фи́рмы; le capital social — капита́л фи́рмы <компа́нии>le siège social — местонахожде́ние <а́дрес правле́ния> фи́рмы;
■ m обще́ственное ◄-ого►; социа́льное ◄-ого► m f vx. социа́льная респу́блика -
7 social reform
гос. упр. социальная реформаа) (изменение какой-л. существенной стороны жизни общества при сохранении основ его экономического и государственного строя)See:See:в) (меры социальной политики, предпринимаемые для решения к.-л. социальных проблем)See:* * * -
8 social base
соц. социальная база (социальные группы, которые поддерживают определенную государственную власть)See: -
9 régime social
система [режим] социального обеспечения -
10 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
11 строй
м.1) régime m; ordre m; organisation f2) воен. ordre m, formation f••вступить в строй ( о предприятии) — être mis en service ( или en exploitation)введение в строй ( предприятия) — mise f en serviceвыйти из строя — être mis hors (придых.) de serviceвывести из строя — mettre hors de combat ( или de service) -
12 строй
I муж.
1) system, regime, order, array вышедший из строя ≈ broken-down общественный строй ≈ social order социальный строй ≈ social structure
2) линг. system, structure
3) муз. tune;
pitch;
harmony ∙ выведение из строя ≈ disablement выведенный из строя ≈ disabled выводить из строя ≈ to disable, to put out of action;
to wreck вводить в строй ≈ to put into service, to put into operation, to commission оставаться в строю ≈ to remain in the ranks вступать в строй ≈ to be put in operation, to come into service, to be commissioned выходить из строя, выбывать из строя ≈ to be out of commission;
to become disabled( о ком-л.) ;
to stop working( о чем-л.) II муж.;
воен. line, formation прогонять сквозь строй ≈ to make to run the gauntlet сержант-инструктор по строю ≈ воен. drill-sergeant строй по четыре ≈ four мн.;
воен. рассыпной строй ≈ уст. extended order вести строем ≈ march прогон сквозь строй ≈ (вид наказания) gauntlet линия строястро|й - м.
1. (ряд, шеренга) formation;
встать в ~ form up;
2. (система построения чего-л.) structure, pattern;
грамматический ~ языка grammatical structure of a language;
~ мышления pattern of thinking;
3. (система общественного устройства) system, order;
4. муз. pitch;
вводить что-л. в ~ put* smth. into service, put* smth. into operation;
start operating smth. ;
выводить что-л. из ~я put* smth. out of action;
вступать в ~ (о предприятии) be* put into operation;
выйти из ~я break* down, be* put out of action. -
13 Article 72
1. The joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation includes:a) providing for the correspondence of the constitutions and laws of the Republics, the charters and other normative legal acts of the territories, regions, cities of federal importance, autonomous regions or autonomous areas to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal laws;b) protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen; protection of the rights of national minorities; ensuring the rule of law, law and order, public security, border zone regime; c) issues of possession, use and disposal of land, subsoil, water and other natural resources; d) delimitation of state property; e) nature utilization, protection of the environment and ensuring ecological safety; specially protected natural territories, protection of historical and cultural monuments; f) general issues of upbringing, education, science, culture, physical culture and sports; g) coordination of issues of health care; protection of the family, maternity, paternity and childhood; social protection, including social security; h) carrying out measures against catastrophes, natural calamities, epidemics, elimination of their aftermath; i) establishment of common principles of taxation and dues in the Russian Federation; j) administrative, administrative procedure, labour, family, housing, land, water, and forest legislation; legislation on subsoil and environmental protection; k) personnel of the judicial and law enforcement agencies; the Bar, notaryship; l) protection of traditional living habitat and of traditional way of life of small ethnic communities; m) establishment of common principles of organization of the system of bodies of state authority and local self-government; n) coordination of international and foreign economic relations of the subjects of the Russian Federation, fulfillment of international treaties and agreements of the Russian Federation.2. Provisions of this Article shall be equally valid for the Republics, territories, regions, cities of federal importance, autonomous regions or autonomous areas.__________ <На русском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (Russian)"]Статья 72[/ref]> <На немецком языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (German)"]Artikel 72[/ref]> <На французском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (French)"]Article 72[/ref]>The Constitution of Russia. English-Russian dictionary > Article 72
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14 уклад
м.уклад жизни — genre m ( или mode m) de vieобщественно-экономический уклад — régime économique et social, structure f économique et socialeхозяйственный уклад — formation f économique -
15 naturalist conscience
гос. упр. естественная совесть* (этическая стратегия, которую может избрать государственный служащий, в случае когда несет ответственность по закону; выражается в том, что государственный служащий руководствуется не столько существующими, прописанными нормами закона, а скорее следует высшему закону, высшим ценностям, таким как, напр., интересы общества, социальное равенство, справедливость и т. д.; название отсылает к теории естественного права)See: -
16 crisis
n (pl crises)to aggravate a crisis — обострять / усугублять кризис
to be gripped by / to be in the midst of / to be locked in a crisis — быть охваченным кризисом
to bring about a crisis — вызывать кризис, служить толчком к началу кризиса
to create a crisis — создавать кризис / кризисное положение
to deepen a crisis — обострять / усугублять кризис
to de-escalate / to defuse the crisis — сокращать масштабы кризиса, ослаблять кризис
to ease the crisis — сокращать масштабы кризиса, ослаблять кризис
to exacerbate a crisis — обострять / усугублять кризис
to face a crisis — сталкиваться с кризисом; стоять на пороге кризиса
to ignite a crisis — вызывать кризис, служить толчком к началу кризиса
to limp / to lurch from one crisis to another — идти от кризиса к кризису
to resolve a crisis — преодолевать / разрешать кризис, справляться с кризисом
to settle / to solve a crisis — преодолевать / разрешать кризис, справляться с кризисом
to spark off / to trigger (off) a crisis — вызывать кризис, служить толчком к началу кризиса
- affected by the crisis - agrarian crisisto worsen a crisis — обострять / усугублять кризис
- agricultural crisis
- amidst the worst crisis
- artificial crisis
- balance-of-payments crisis
- bilateral crisis
- budget crisis
- cabinet crisis
- chronic crisis
- consequences of a crisis
- constitutional crisis
- crisis blew up
- crisis broke out
- crisis came to a head
- crisis continues unabated
- crisis erupted
- crisis flared
- crisis gripped the country
- crisis is brewing
- crisis is building up
- crisis is deepening by the hour
- crisis is reaching a climax
- crisis of confidence
- crisis of power
- crisis of the ruling regime
- crisis spills over into war
- current crisis
- cyclical crisis
- deep crisis
- deepening crisis
- deepening mood of crisis
- deep-seated crisis
- diplomatic solution to a crisis
- dire crisis
- ecological crisis
- economic crisis
- elimination of a crisis
- energy crisis
- every possible avenue has got to be explored to find a political solution to the crisis
- exchange crisis
- financial crisis
- fiscal crisis
- food crisis
- fuel crisis
- general crisis
- global crisis
- government crisis
- governmental crisis
- grave crisis
- Gulf crisis
- home crisis
- hostage crisis
- housing crisis
- imminent crisis
- impact of a crisis
- in a state of crisis - internal crisis
- internal political crisis
- international crisis
- intractable crisis
- looming crisis
- ministerial crisis
- monetary and financial crisis
- mounting crisis
- national crisis
- offset of the crisis
- oil crisis
- on the verge of a crisis
- peaceful outcome to a crisis
- periodic crisis
- perpetual crisis
- petroleum crisis
- phase of a crisis
- political crisis
- profound crisis
- protracted crisis
- raw-materials crisis
- recurrent crisis
- resolution of a crisis
- serious crisis
- settling of a crisis
- severe crisis
- signs of a crisis
- social crisis
- spiraling crisis
- underlying crisis
- unparalleled crisis
- way out of the crisis
- world crisis -
17 être
1. vêtre aux abois — см. aux abois
être à l'abri — см. à l'abri
être aux aguets — см. aux aguets
être en arrêt devant... — см. tomber en arrêt devant...
être baba — см. demeurer baba
être du balai — см. faire balai
être en commerce avec... — см. avoir commerce avec...
être jusqu'au cou dans... — см. jusqu'au cou dans...
être sous la coupe de... — см. sous la coupe de...
être au courant — см. au courant
être dans la croyance que... — см. avoir la croyance que...
être en dèche — см. battre la dèche
être en désordre — см. en désordre
être l'eau — см. ne pas valoir cher
être sans écho — см. sans écho
être face à face — см. face à face
être aux gages — см. aux gages
être en goguette — см. en goguette
être d'hier — см. dater d'hier
être en bonne intelligence avec... — см. en bonne intelligence avec...
être la joie de... — см. faire la joie de...
être en nage — см. en nage
être de nature à... — см. être de nature à
être à la nonne — см. faire nonne
être sous l'œil — см. sous l'œil
être sur orbite — см. sur orbite
être à la page — см. à la page
être au pair — см. au pair
être en panne — см. rester en panne
être au piquet — см. au piquet
être sur le point de... — см. sur le point de...
être sur le pont — см. sur le pont
être de quart — см. faire le quart
être en quête — см. en quête
être au sac — см. avoir le sac
être en serre — см. faire le serre
être pris de taf — см. avoir le taf
être en taule — см. en taule
être dans son tort — см. avoir tort
être en train de... — см. être en retard d'un train
être à la voie — см. avoir la voie
être sous voiles — см. faire voile
- être à- l'être- en être- y être- être là- c'en est- c'est à- il l'est- être bon- et fier de l'être- être gai- être là- être mal- être mûr- être off- être OK- être paf- être soi2. m -
18 loi
f1) закон; законодательство, законыabroger une loi — отменять закон;
adopter une loi — принимать закон;
appliquer une loi — применять закон;
conforme à la loi — закономерный, правомерный;
contraire à la loi — противозаконный, противоречащий закону;
échapper à la loi — не подпадать под действие закона;
élaborer une loi — разрабатывать [подготавливать] закон;
éluder une loi — обходить закон;
enfreindre une loi — нарушать закон;
hors la loi — вне закона;
ignorer la loi — не соблюдать закон;
mettre hors la loi — ставить вне закона;
promulguer une loi — обнародовать закон;
rapporter une loi — отменять закон; делать резюме по проекту закона или законодательному предложению;
respecter la loi — соблюдать закон;
se conformer à la loi — соблюдать законы;
s'il n'en est autrement disposé par la loi — если законом не предусмотрено иное;
aux termes de la loi — в соответствии с законом, согласно закону;
tomber sous le coup de la loi — подпадать под действие закона;
tourner la loi — обходить закон;
transgresser la loi — нарушать закон;
en vertu de la loi — в силу закона;
violer la loi — нарушать закон;
2) закономерность ( см. тж lois)•loi d'interprétation, loi interprétative — 1) закон, истолковывающий предшествующий закон 2) закон, содержащий диспозитивную норму
- loi d'amnistieloi de la personne, loi personnelle — закон, определяющий личный статут, личный закон ( в международном частном праве)
- loi antitrusts
- loi applicable
- loi d'application immédiate
- loi d'autonomie
- loi d'autorisation
- loi sur les brevets
- loi de budget
- loi budgétaire
- loi contre les cartels
- loi sur les chèques
- loi de circonstance
- loi civile
- loi commerciale
- loi communale
- loi compétente
- loi des comptes
- loi confessionnelle
- loi de conflit
- loi constitutionnelle
- loi contractuelle
- loi du contrat
- loi définitive
- loi du domicile
- loi douanière
- loi écrite
- loi électorale
- loi étrangère
- loi d'exception
- loi facultative
- loi sur la faillite
- loi fédérale
- loi de finances
- loi de finances de l'année
- loi de finances rectificative
- loi fiscale
- loi sur la flexibilité
- loi de fond
- loi fondamentale
- loi du for
- loi de formation
- loi de forme
- loi formelle
- loi générale
- loi d'habilitation
- loi d'immigration
- loi impérative
- loi d'impôt
- loi institutionnelle
- loi d'interdiction
- loi interne
- loi d'introduction
- loi du juge saisi
- loi du juge
- loi du lien
- loi du lieu de l'acte
- loi du lieu du délit
- loi du lieu d'exécution
- loi du lieu de l'infraction
- loi du lieu du mariage
- loi locale
- loi sur le mariage
- loi des marques
- loi martiale
- loi matérielle
- loi militaire
- loi modificative
- loi monétaire
- loi morale
- loi municipale
- loi nationale
- loi de nationalisation
- loi sur la nationalité
- loi sur la neutralité
- loi ordinaire
- loi d'ordre public
- loi organique
- loi d'orientation
- loi parlementaire
- loi du pavillon
- loi pénale
- loi permissive
- loi de pleins pouvoirs
- loi plus douce
- loi de police
- loi portant amnistie
- loi positive
- loi postérieure
- loi de procédure
- loi de programme
- loi prohibitive
- loi promulguée
- loi proprement dite
- loi de qualification
- loi de ratification
- loi réelle
- loi référendaire
- loi sur le régime foncier
- loi de règlement
- loi de règlement définitif
- loi répressive
- loi rétroactive
- loi du siège social
- loi de la situation du bien
- loi sur les sociétés
- loi spéciale
- loi substantielle
- loi successorale
- loi supplétive
- loi tarifaire
- loi territoriale
- loi tierce
- loi de transition
- loi sur le travail
- loi du tribunal saisi
- loi uniforme
- loi de validation
- loi en vigueur -
19 RSI
сокр.1) выч. ИТ-менеджер (responsable des systèmes informatiques) -
20 political system
Синонимический ряд:government (noun) administration; command; government; jurisdiction; management; regime; reign; rule
См. также в других словарях:
Regime social des independants — Régime social des indépendants en France Le régime social des indépendants (RSI) est un organisme français de protection sociale, administré par des représentants de ses assurés, artisans, commerçants et professions libérales. Créé en… … Wikipédia en Français
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SOCIAL SECURITY AND WELFARE — SOCIAL POLICY In the first three decades of statehood through the end of the 1970s Israel acquired the basic features of a modern welfare state. This meant that Israel succeeded in developing a broad network of social services that included… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
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